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ERC-20
From https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-20/
The ERC-20 introduces a standard for Fungible Tokens, in other words, they have a property that makes each Token be exactly the same (in type and value) of another Token. For example, an ERC-20 Token acts just like the ETH, meaning that 1 Token is and will always be equal to all the other Tokens (from the same Smart Contract).
ERC-721
From https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-721/
The ERC-721 introduces a standard for NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens), in other words, this type of Token is unique and can have different value than another Token from the same Smart Contract, maybe due to its age, rarity or even something else like its visual.
ERC-1155
From https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-1155/
The idea of ERC-1155 is simple and seeks to create a smart contract interface that can represent and control any number of fungible and non-fungible token types. In this way, the ERC-1155 token can do the same functions as an ERC-20 and ERC-721 token, and even both at the same time. And best of all, improving the functionality of both standards, making it more efficient, and correcting obvious implementation errors on the ERC-20 and ERC-721 standards.